The business user’s guide to Gmail

Gee whiz, Gmail sure isn't like most other email services.

It's easy to forget — since for lots of us at this point, getting around Google's email environment has basically become second nature. But if you're just getting started, especially if you're coming from a more traditional email program like Outlook, getting used to Gmail can be one ginormous adjustment.

And it's no wonder: Google's got some seriously unusual ideas about how email should operate. And whether your company just moved you over to a Google Workspace-associated Gmail setup or you opted to go with Gmail for your own individual account, it can be an awful lot to wrap your head around.

Well, my Google-scented answer-seeker, you've come to the right place. This guide will give you a detailed roadmap of the ins and outs of Gmail and help you learn all you need to know about Google's current email offering. It's essentially a whole new email management language — but once you master the dialect, you'll be communicating with colleagues and powering through messages like nobody's business.

If you need help setting up or managing your actual Gmail account, jump down to Gmail account basics. Otherwise, let's dive right in and explore the experience of actually using Gmail and making the most of its unconventional arrangement.

Meet your Gmail inbox

The first thing to take in when you sign into the Gmail website is the layout of your inbox. Google now offers six different Gmail inbox styles, and you can move between 'em by clicking the gear icon in the website's upper-right corner and looking at the "Inbox Type" area of the panel that pops up.

By default, Gmail gives you a tabbed inbox — with on-screen sections that automatically categorize your email as Primary (messages addressed personally to you and other similarly important missives), Social (messages from social networks and other sharing sites), Promotions (uh, y'know, marketing promotions), Updates (confirmations, bills, statements, and other such exciting items), or Forums (messages from mailing lists and discussion sites).

You can turn any of those tabs on or off, if you want, by clicking the "Customize" link beneath the word "Default" in that same pop-up panel we were just looking at. And if you really want to get ambitious, you can even take control of how exactly those tabs work and train Gmail to repurpose one or more of them for some highly customized types of categorization.

For most folks, the basic five-tab setup will work well enough — but if you'd be more comfortable with a simpler and more straightforward Outlook-like message view, you could switch yourself to the "Unread first" inbox style, which will show you just a single list of emails with unread items at the top.

That pop-up settings panel holds one other noteworthy Outlook-emulating option: a toggle to turn on a reading pane, which allows you to see a preview of any selected message right inside your inbox, without ever having to click away.

There's plenty of other fine-tuning you can do to optimize the Gmail inbox interface, cut down on clutter, and enhance your message-managing efficiency. But for now, let's move on to the important area of understanding how Gmail organizes your messages and how you can find the emails you need — 'cause that's an area where things are quite different from what you might be accustomed to from other email systems.

The Gmail organization method

In my experience, the most confusing part of Gmail for newcomers is the service's approach to labeling and archiving. So Outlook folks, forget what you know about folders. This is a whole new game.

First things first: In Gmail, every email exists just once. That same email could appear in multiple places, though, depending on how you organize it. Instead of thinking about an email being filed away into a folder and then living solely in that one virtual location, think about your emails existing in a giant stack and having multiple Post-It-Note-like labels stuck on top of 'em.

That's how Gmail labels work: They're like folders, in a sense, but you can apply as many of 'em as you want onto any message. That means, for instance, a single email could be labeled "Expenses," "Q2," and "Website Services." All of those labels would appear at the top of the message when you open it, as well as alongside it in your inbox. And when you browse through any of those labels directly — by hovering your mouse over the leftmost area of the Gmail web interface and then clicking the label in the list within that main menu — you'd see the email in all of those places.

To label a message, look for the label icon near the right end of the toolbar above any email while you're viewing it or at the top of the screen after you've selected one or more messages from the main inbox view. Either way, you can then choose from any existing label(s) or create a new label on the spot.

Your inbox itself, meanwhile, is meant to hold messages that actively require your attention. Once you're finished dealing with something, you can archive it — by clicking the icon that looks like a box with a downward-facing arrow inside it near the left end of that same toolbar. That takes it out of your inbox and makes it available in the "All Mail" section of the website (accessible in that same left-of-screen menu; if you don't see it right away, click the word "More" to reveal the full list of options) as well as within the sections for any applicable labels.

All of that being said, nine times out of 10, the easiest way to find a message is simply to search for it by using the large search box at the top of the Gmail website. Just type in any sender name, email address, or keyword from either the message itself or its subject, and you'll be able to find anything you need in a matter of seconds. You can also click the downward-facing arrow within that search box to reveal additional options for more advanced search methods.

And when you're really ready to get wild, you can explore Gmail filters as a way to automate your inbox organization and have Gmail do everything from applying labels to messages to archiving and even forwarding emails as soon as they arrive if they meet certain predefined conditions.

The Gmail composing experience

All right — so how about writing messages? Well, composing an email within Gmail can go a few different ways, depending on the specific circumstance and also your preferences.

For new emails you're starting from scratch, click the Compose button with the pencil icon in the upper-left corner of the Gmail website — and by default, you'll see a pop-up email-composing window appear in the lower-right corner of the screen. That allows you to continue viewing your inbox or any other area of Gmail while actively working on your message.

If you'd rather have a full-screen composing experience, click the icon showing a diagonal line with arrows on either end in the upper-right corner of that compose window. You can also tell Gmail to use that full-screen view by default by clicking the three-dot menu icon in the compose window's lower-right corner and looking for the "Default to full screen" option.

And if you ever want to pop your message out into an entirely separate browser window, hold down the Shift key on your keyboard and then click that diagonal-line-with-arrows icon.

There's one more email-writing setup you'll run into within Gmail, and it's the interface that comes up when you reply to a message someone else has sent you. In that scenario, you'll see the compose window show up inline — directly beneath the original email and as part of the conversation. You can switch from that to the pop-up window interface by clicking the icon in the upper-right corner of the reply composing tool (the one that looks like a box with a diagonal line going through it).

Whichever composing interface you're using, you'll always find a full set of text-formatting options at the bottom of the window, tucked away within the "A" icon (directly to the right of the Send button). You can also tap into Gmail's time-saving template system by clicking the three-dot menu icon in the tool's lower-right corner and looking for the "Templates" option.

Contacts, Calendar, and Chat (oh my!)

If you're coming from Outlook, you're probably wondering: Where in the world are my contacts and calendar? Google doesn't quite take the same all-in-one hub approach to the inbox that Microsoft does, but it's increasingly bringing touches of its various related productivity products into the Gmail environment.

To access Google Calendar along with Google Contacts, Google Tasks, and also Google Keep, the note-taking app, look for the thin strip of icons at the right side of the Gmail website. (If you don't see it, click the small left-facing arrow in the lower-right corner of the screen.) Click any of these icons, and a panel will appear to the right of your inbox with a view of your calendar, contacts, notes, or tasks.

The most prominent Gmail integration, however, is with Google Chat and Meet, the company's confusingly positioned communication services. (The short version: At this point, Chat and Meet are Google's primary text and video communication tools for business users, and they're also now available for regular consumer users alongside other overlapping equivalents.)

You can find Chat and Meet by hovering your mouse over the leftmost area of the Gmail website. You might also see Rooms, which is Chat's group-chat element, in that area to the left; it was initially available only in Google Workspace-connected team configurations but is now being rolled out to individuals as well.

If you don't see those elements there, you can add them in the main settings area of the Gmail website: Click the gear-shaped icon in the site's upper-right corner, select "See all settings," then click the "Chat and Meet" tab at the top of the settings screen. Make sure the "Chat" setting is set to "Google Chat" and the "Meet" setting is set to "Show the Meet section in the main menu," then click the Save Changes button at the bottom of the screen.

You can find tons of tips for making the most of Chat, Meet, and the other Gmail-integrated collaboration features in this Gmail collaboration guide.

Other Gmail commands worth knowing

My goodness, Gmail's got a lot goin' on — doesn't it? Let's power our way through a handful of basics you might be looking for, especially if you're transitioning into Gmail from Outlook or another more traditional email program:

• To block someone in Gmail, click the three-dot menu icon in the message's upper-right corner while you're viewing it, then select the "Block [sender's name]" option. Any future messages from that sender will then automatically be sent into your Spam section. And if you ever need to remove an address from your blocked list later, just look in the "Filters and Blocked Addresses" area of the Gmail website settings.
• To change your signature in Gmail, look in the "General" tab of the Gmail website's settings and scroll down until you see "Signature." There, you'll find the option to create and edit one or more signatures and to specify when, exactly, each signature should be used.
• To set an out-of-office auto-responder in Gmail, look in that same "General" tab of the Gmail website's settings to find the "Vacation responder" option.
• To change your Gmail background and theme, click the gear-shaped icon in the Gmail website's upper-right corner and look for the "Theme" section in the panel that pops up.
• To set Gmail up for offline use, look for the "Offline" tab in the website's settings.

Next page: Gmail shortcuts, mobile apps, and account basics →

Gmail shortcuts and time-savers

You could devote an entire separate article to Gmail shortcuts and time-savers — and, in fact, I have! — but here are a few quick possibilities worth considering as part of your Gmail basics orientation:

• Gmail has a huge set of helpful shortcuts that'll let you zip around the interface without ever moving your hands off your keyboard. To enable them, go back into Gmail's settings and scroll down the screen until you see the "Keyboard shortcuts" option. Change its setting to "Keyboard shortcuts on," then scroll down all the way to the bottom of the screen and click the Save Changes button. Once you're back in your main inbox view, hit the question mark key on your keyboard to see a list of available options.
• Gmail's built-in snoozing function is a fantastic way to get messages out of your hair and then have 'em come back when they'll be most relevant — or even to change the order of emails in your inbox, if you want to put the system to creative use. To snooze an email, click the clock-shaped icon in the toolbar at the top of the screen while you're viewing a message or after you've selected any number of messages in your inbox view.
• In addition to selecting messages and then using the commands at the top of the screen in your inbox, you can right-click on any message in that same list to pull up a menu of options for functions such as archiving, labeling, forwarding, and yes, even snoozing.

Whew! Almost done. Before we call it a day, though, there's one more critical area of the Gmail experience you'll want to think through.

The Gmail mobile differences

By and large, using Gmail from your Android or iOS phone is fairly similar to using the service on a computer — but you'll notice a handful of significant differences.

First, to be clear, you'll almost certainly want to use the Gmail Android app or Gmail iOS app to manage your email on the go. The Gmail mobile website is a weirdly dated mess, and the apps provide the superior experience (by an almost laughably large margin).

The only asterisk is that the Gmail phone apps won't allow you to create or edit labels, work with filters, or modify any of the service's more advanced settings. Any changes you make on those fronts will still apply in the mobile environment, but in order to configure them, you'll have to access Gmail via the desktop website.

That aside:

• To find text formatting commands while composing a message in the Gmail mobile apps, press and hold your finger onto the text area. On Android, you'll see a "Format" option right then and there that'll reveal a full text-formatting panel; on iOS, you'll first have to select a specific section of text, after which you'll see basic options for bolding, italicizing, or underlining within the system-level pop-up menu.

• To switch between multiple Gmail accounts connected to your phone — if, for instance, you have both a work and a personal address associated with the device — tap your profile picture or icon in the upper-right corner of the main inbox interface to see a list of options or swipe up or down on that picture or icon to move quickly from one account to the next.
• To configure custom swipe actions for your inbox — commands that'll let you quickly archive, delete, or snooze a message as well as mark it as read or unread and move it to another label or inbox category — tap the three-line menu icon in the app's upper-left corner and then find and tap "Settings" in the menu that comes up. On Android, tap "General settings" followed by "Swipe actions"; on iOS, tap "Mail swipe actions" within the main settings menu.

And with that, your Gmail orientation is complete! Next comes the fun part: fine-tuning the Gmail interface, teaching yourself smarter shortcuts, and ingesting other advanced Gmail knowledge.

Choose your own adventure, and before you know it, you'll be a full-fledged email efficiency master:

• How to fine-tune Gmail for maximum productivity
• Is your Gmail inbox setup slowing you down?
• How to use Gmail labels to tame your inbox
• How Gmail filters can help organize your inbox
• How to save time with advanced Gmail templates
• 20 ways to maximize collaboration with the new Gmail interface
• Gmail tips: Snoozing, shortcuts, and other time-savers